A landed lander, alongside with a list of achievements.
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A lander is a space vehicle designed to land on a celestial body.
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A lander can be manned or unmanned, designed to return or not. If the lander is designed to return, it must carry enough fuel both for landing and launch. It can be also in 2 parts, the descent module and the ascent module. The descent module has a lot of fuel, has an efficient engine, and carries the lander to the surface, and the ascent module has less fuel and docks to the service module or space station, later to be picked up and decommission it, by destroying it by pressing Destroy or burning up in the atmosphere. In this case, like the Apollo missions, the descent module of the Eagle lander remains or may remain on the surface.
Sometimes, a lander may carry payloads, but it is sometimes too heavy for the rocket. It has Landing Legs, Struts or Rover Wheels or a combination of those parts as their landing gear, but if they have none of those, the engines or parts of it are destroyed, sometimes causing serious damage to the rocket.
Rockets that return to Earth can be considered landers; but, technically, they are listed as return vehicles.
History[]
Throughout the space history, there have been many landers. May we remember the famous manned Apollo landers on the Moon, the Soviet Venera landers on Venus, the Huygens lander on Titan and the so many probes that landed on Mars.
There is also the Galileo probe on Jupiter and the Cassini probe on Saturn, but they are crushed by the intense pressure of those gas giants, and they did not land on the surface, so they are not considered as landers.
Gallery[]
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